On the subject of food security, agriculture, poverty and hunger, there is little to no consensus. One side argues for GMOs and pesticides to help poor farmers increase their yield and improve their economy. The other side argues for an organic agricultural model, claiming that it can sustain the world. Who is right?
SEED Magazine has attempted to answer that question, or at least to hear both sides of the argument laid out. The editors recruited two academics to debate the issue:
- M. Jahi Chappell, ecologist and post-doctoral researcher at Cornell University focusing his studies on food security and sustainability.
- Robert Paarlberg, professor of political science at Wellesley College whose research interests are in international agriculture and biotechnology.
The debaters addressed the causes of hunger and the meaning of sustainable agriculture. The debate quickly became focused on one vital issue: the question of yield. According to SEED: "Paarlberg has mostly argued in favor of technology-intensive agriculture, going as far as to argue that elitist foodies in wealthy nations imperil Africa by spreading their anti-biotech sentiments."
Chappell's response is to argue that "the scientific foundations of organic and agro-ecological farming are sound. (...) Agroecology empowers small-scale farmers, he argues, and by shrinking farming's outsized ecological footprint - including its impact on wild biodiversity - conserves the public goods that benefit us all."
Read the full debate here.
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